Python备忘
dateformat
关于dateformat的使用,有以下例子,最后有官方的directive列表,方便查询;
from datetime import datetime, date, timedelta date_format = "%Y-%m-%dT%H:%M:%S.%fZ" start = datetime.strftime(date.today() - timedelta(days=29), date_format)
获取当天日期对象,使用datetime中的date.today();
如果想在当前日期基础上前进或后退时间的话,可以使用datetime的timedelta,例如上例就是获取当天日期的前29天的日期对象;
datetime中的strftime将日期转为str;strptime将str转为时间;
下面是dateformat的directive列表:
如果想在当前日期基础上前进或后退时间的话,可以使用datetime的timedelta,例如上例就是获取当天日期的前29天的日期对象;
datetime中的strftime将日期转为str;strptime将str转为时间;
下面是dateformat的directive列表:
| Directive | Meaning | Example | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| %a | Weekday as locale’s abbreviated name. |
Sun, Mon, ..., Sat (en_US);
So, Mo, ..., Sa (de_DE)
| (1) |
| %A | Weekday as locale’s full name. |
Sunday, Monday, ..., Saturday (en_US);
Sonntag, Montag, ..., Samstag (de_DE)
| (1) |
| %w | Weekday as a decimal number, where 0 is Sunday and 6 is Saturday. | 0, 1, ..., 6 | |
| %d | Day of the month as a zero-padded decimal number. | 01, 02, ..., 31 | |
| %b | Month as locale’s abbreviated name. |
Jan, Feb, ..., Dec (en_US);
Jan, Feb, ..., Dez (de_DE)
| (1) |
| %B | Month as locale’s full name. |
January, February, ..., December (en_US);
Januar, Februar, ..., Dezember (de_DE)
| (1) |
| %m | Month as a zero-padded decimal number. | 01, 02, ..., 12 | |
| %y | Year without century as a zero-padded decimal number. | 00, 01, ..., 99 | |
| %Y | Year with century as a decimal number. | 1970, 1988, 2001, 2013 | |
| %H | Hour (24-hour clock) as a zero-padded decimal number. | 00, 01, ..., 23 | |
| %I | Hour (12-hour clock) as a zero-padded decimal number. | 01, 02, ..., 12 | |
| %p | Locale’s equivalent of either AM or PM. |
AM, PM (en_US);
am, pm (de_DE)
| (1), (2) |
| %M | Minute as a zero-padded decimal number. | 00, 01, ..., 59 | |
| %S | Second as a zero-padded decimal number. | 00, 01, ..., 59 | (3) |
| %f | Microsecond as a decimal number, zero-padded on the left. | 000000, 000001, ..., 999999 | (4) |
| %z | UTC offset in the form +HHMM or -HHMM (empty string if the the object is naive). | (empty), +0000, -0400, +1030 | (5) |
| %Z | Time zone name (empty string if the object is naive). | (empty), UTC, EST, CST | |
| %j | Day of the year as a zero-padded decimal number. | 001, 002, ..., 366 | |
| %U | Week number of the year (Sunday as the first day of the week) as a zero padded decimal number. All days in a new year preceding the first Sunday are considered to be in week 0. | 00, 01, ..., 53 | (6) |
| %W | Week number of the year (Monday as the first day of the week) as a decimal number. All days in a new year preceding the first Monday are considered to be in week 0. | 00, 01, ..., 53 | (6) |
| %c | Locale’s appropriate date and time representation. |
Tue Aug 16 21:30:00 1988 (en_US);
Di 16 Aug 21:30:00 1988 (de_DE)
| (1) |
| %x | Locale’s appropriate date representation. |
08/16/88 (None);
08/16/1988 (en_US);
16.08.1988 (de_DE)
| (1) |
| %X | Locale’s appropriate time representation. |
21:30:00 (en_US);
21:30:00 (de_DE)
| (1) |
| %% | A literal '%' character. | % |
发送HTTP请求
使用urllib2,POST例子:
import urllib2
requrl = 'https://something.com/post_something'
headers = {'Content-Type': 'application/json'}
req = urllib2.Request(requrl, datastr, headers)
Get例子:import urllib2
data = urllib2.urlopen("https://something.com/get_something").read()
print data
使用json
使用json解析json数据:
params = {
"startTime": 1,
"endTime": 1,
"timeIncrement": "day",
"timeMultiple": 1,
"descending": False,
"base": 1,
"counter": 1
}
datastr = json.dumps(params)#将json对象转换为str
datajson = json.loads(datastr)#将str转为json




